Teaching "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" by Mark Twain
Whether you call it "The
Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" or "The Notorious
Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" this teacher's guide is for you. It
includes a "Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" summary,
"A Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" analysis and much
more.
The Notorious Principal of Wastemytime School District
In compliance with the request of an
administrator of mine, who sent me in an e-mail, I called on good-natured,
garrulous old Mr. Teachtoolong, and inquired after my administrator's favorite
writer, Leonidas W. Smiley, as requested to do, and I hereunto append the
result. I have a lurking suspicion that Leonidas W. Smiley is a myth; that my
administrator never knew such a personage; and that he only conjectured that,
if I asked old Teachtoolong about him, it would remind him of the infamous Mark
Twain, and he would go to work and bore me nearly to death with some infernal
reminiscence of him as long and tedious as it should be useless to me. If that
was the design, it certainly succeeded.
Mr. Teachtoolong shared with me his Mark Twain lesson plans, which included a "Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" summary, a "Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" analysis with a look at setting in "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County," conflict in "The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" and some other items of little interest to me.
I now share them with you.
Mr. Teachtoolong shared with me his Mark Twain lesson plans, which included a "Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" summary, a "Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" analysis with a look at setting in "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County," conflict in "The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" and some other items of little interest to me.
I now share them with you.
ELA Common Core Standards Covered
Teaching Twain's short stories can accomplish the following ELA Common Core Standards.
- RL.9-10.1 Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.
- RL.9-10.2 Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze in detail its development over the course of the text, including how it emerges and is shaped and refined by specific details; provide an objective summary of the text.
- RL.9-10.5 Analyze how an author's choices concerning how to structure a text, order events within it (e.g., parallel plots), and manipulate time (e.g., pacing, flashbacks) create such effects as mystery, tension, or surprise
- W.9-10.3 Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosen details, and well-structured event sequences.
"Jumping Frog" Summary
I have provided a "Notorious
Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" summary, not because I don't think you
can understand it, but I'm guessing you have 323 essays to grade, 1,674
progress reports to fill out, and 265,374 items of paperwork to complete to
make sure you're in compliance with the latest government regulations and don't
have the time.
Summary
The narrator, an obviously educated individual from the East, has been requested to ask Simon Wheeler about an old friend. Wheeler has no idea who the friend is, but he does know someone with a similar name, of whom he tells several pointless stories:
Jim Smiley liked to gamble and was "uncommon lucky." He would bet on anything. Simon Wheeler tells of Smiley's horse, the "15-minute nag," who would always make a miraculous comeback at the end of a race. Smiley owned a bull pup named Andrew Jackson, who engaged in dog-fighting. Andrew Jackson's special move of biting the other dog's hind legs prevailed every time, except for the time he fought a dog whose hind legs had been cut off by a circular saw.
Jim Smiley owned a frog, Daniel Webster, who Smiley claims could out jump any frog in Calaveras County. A stranger tells Smiley that Daniel Webster is an ordinary frog. Smiley challenges the stranger, goes down to the swamp, and returns with a competitor frog. Meanwhile the stranger fills Daniel Webster's mouth with quail shot. Weighed down and unable to jump, Jim Smiley's frog suffers defeat and Jim Smiley suffers humiliation and anger.
Summary
The narrator, an obviously educated individual from the East, has been requested to ask Simon Wheeler about an old friend. Wheeler has no idea who the friend is, but he does know someone with a similar name, of whom he tells several pointless stories:
Jim Smiley liked to gamble and was "uncommon lucky." He would bet on anything. Simon Wheeler tells of Smiley's horse, the "15-minute nag," who would always make a miraculous comeback at the end of a race. Smiley owned a bull pup named Andrew Jackson, who engaged in dog-fighting. Andrew Jackson's special move of biting the other dog's hind legs prevailed every time, except for the time he fought a dog whose hind legs had been cut off by a circular saw.
Jim Smiley owned a frog, Daniel Webster, who Smiley claims could out jump any frog in Calaveras County. A stranger tells Smiley that Daniel Webster is an ordinary frog. Smiley challenges the stranger, goes down to the swamp, and returns with a competitor frog. Meanwhile the stranger fills Daniel Webster's mouth with quail shot. Weighed down and unable to jump, Jim Smiley's frog suffers defeat and Jim Smiley suffers humiliation and anger.
"Jumping Frog" Analysis and Lesson Ideas
A "Celebrated Jumping Frog of Caleveras County" Analysis produces the following observation and discussion topics:
Setting in "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calevaras County" - The story's narration takes place in Angel's mining camp, a stark contrast to the origins of the narrator and his friend who has instructed him to search for a friend who may or may not exist.
Characterization - the contrast between the narrator and Simon Wheeler forms the central conflict in "The Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" and adds to the humor of the story. Use a compare/contrast chart (the one linked works best). Ideal categories include:
Realism and Local Color - Examine what makes the encounter (not the actual stories about Jim Smiley) realistic. "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" exemplifiesTwain's deft use of local color and dialect.
Setting in "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calevaras County" - The story's narration takes place in Angel's mining camp, a stark contrast to the origins of the narrator and his friend who has instructed him to search for a friend who may or may not exist.
Characterization - the contrast between the narrator and Simon Wheeler forms the central conflict in "The Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" and adds to the humor of the story. Use a compare/contrast chart (the one linked works best). Ideal categories include:
- Manner of Speech - The narrator uses an elevated vocabulary. Old Simon Wheeler sounds like a hick.
- Behavior - The narrator just wants information. Simon Wheeler has little to do but talk all day.
- Origins - The narrator is an educated Easterner. Simon Wheeler is an uneducated miner.
Realism and Local Color - Examine what makes the encounter (not the actual stories about Jim Smiley) realistic. "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" exemplifiesTwain's deft use of local color and dialect.
- The manner in which the narrator and Simon Wheeler speak necessitates the need for a translator. Instruct students to interpret Wheeler's lines for the narrator and the narrator's lines for Wheeler. I've included examples below.
More "Jumping Frog" Analysis
The conflict in "The _______ Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" revolves around the cultural gap between its two main characters. The following translations, I hope, can resolve this conflict in "The _______ Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" This would be an excellent opportunity to teach the importance of word choice.
Narrator: "In compliance with the request of a friend of mine, who wrote me from the East, I called on good-natured, garrulous old Simon Wheeler, and inquired after my friend's friend, Leonidas W. Smiley, as requested to do, and I hereunto append the result."
Translation: This feller friend o' mine somehow thinks you might know this other feller named Leo Smiley. The curiousest thing happened.
Wheeler: "He had a little small bull pup, that to look at him you'd think he wan's worth a cent, but to set around and look ornery, and lay for a chance to steal something. But as soon as money was up on him, he was a different dog; his underjaw'd begin to stick out like the fo'castle of a steamboat, and his teeth would uncover, and shine savage like the furnaces."
Translation: He had a canine with little apparent value other than to appear angry and sullen and engage in thievery. Whenever bystanders attempted to exact monetary gains through the canine's skill in combat, he metamorphosed into an entirely different animal. His lower mandible jutted forward like the spire of a nobleman's castle, and his dental appendages would glimmer like a queen's diadem.
Narrator: "In compliance with the request of a friend of mine, who wrote me from the East, I called on good-natured, garrulous old Simon Wheeler, and inquired after my friend's friend, Leonidas W. Smiley, as requested to do, and I hereunto append the result."
Translation: This feller friend o' mine somehow thinks you might know this other feller named Leo Smiley. The curiousest thing happened.
Wheeler: "He had a little small bull pup, that to look at him you'd think he wan's worth a cent, but to set around and look ornery, and lay for a chance to steal something. But as soon as money was up on him, he was a different dog; his underjaw'd begin to stick out like the fo'castle of a steamboat, and his teeth would uncover, and shine savage like the furnaces."
Translation: He had a canine with little apparent value other than to appear angry and sullen and engage in thievery. Whenever bystanders attempted to exact monetary gains through the canine's skill in combat, he metamorphosed into an entirely different animal. His lower mandible jutted forward like the spire of a nobleman's castle, and his dental appendages would glimmer like a queen's diadem.
Teaching Literary Elements with Short Stories
Understanding literary elements is necessary for literary analysis. These short stories will help you teach literary elements.
